The Environmental Protection Agency enforces the National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAP) under the Clean Air Act. Contractors performing demolition or renovation must comply with asbestos work-practice standards, notifications and waste-handling procedures.
| Requirement | Potential Violation | Penalty Range | Relevant Citation |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pre-demolition asbestos survey and notification | Failure to notify EPA or state agency before disturbing regulated asbestos material | Up to $37,500 per day per violation | 40 CFR 61.145(b) |
| Proper removal and wetting methods | Dry removal, visible emissions or improper containment during demolition | Administrative or civil fines; potential criminal liability for knowing endangerment | 40 CFR 61.145(c) |
| Waste handling and disposal | Failure to seal or label asbestos waste; improper transport or disposal site | Civil fines; possible cleanup orders under the Clean Air Act and RCRA | 40 CFR 61.150(a–b) |
| Recordkeeping | No on-site records of surveys, manifests or air-monitoring data | EPA administrative action; possible DOJ referral for obstruction | 40 CFR 61.150(d) |
Graphic by ENR | Data sources: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; Clean Air Act §112; 40 CFR Part 61 Subpart M.