This dry excavation, requiring removal of 47 million cu m, is needed to create the Pacific locks access channel–a 6.7-kilometer link between the existing navigation channel and the new locks to be built next to the Miraflores Locks. The Cocoli River, which empties into Miraflores Lake, is being rerouted 3.5 km. The 5 km-long Borinquen Road was also relocated.
Another tricky aspect has been the removal of unexploded ordinance from a former U.S. Army firing range. Almost 330 hectares had to be painstakingly cleared.